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Unfortunately for the would-be deep-space explorer, long-distance manned missions remain unlikely for the near future. Besides the extended duration, need for supplies and risk of psychological breakdown, perhaps the biggest challenge of long-term travel to outer space is its overflow of toxic radiation. While current technologies can shield astronauts during quick jaunts to the moon, even a trip to neighboring Mars could supply enough radioactive waves to kill a person.
Enter space probes, which can be as effective as manned missions for scientific discovery, but remove the risk of death. Probes have been around since the 1950s, when the Soviet Union launched one to study the moon. Modern probes are making many headlines of late, as they send home discoveries, complete missions and are enhanced with myriad advanced technologies.
Hayabusa
In June, Japan’s Hayabusa capsule returned to Earth after a seven-year, 4-billion-mile journey to an asteroid named Itokawa. During its journey, the probe encountered several problems, such as being hit by a solar flare. Despite these setbacks, it successfully returned, landing in the Australian outback. At first, the probe’s challenges led scientists to worry that the capsule would yield no samples from the asteroid. Recent reports indicate, however, that dust particles, possibly from Itokawa, have been found inside of the probe.
“We are still unsure if those particles are something from the Ikotawa or from the Earth,” the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) wrote in a press release, “thus we will further examine them.” The particles will need to be closely examined and compared with samples from Earth. If they are confirmed to be from the asteroid, the particles will be the first asteroid samples ever collected.
When scientists first opened the Hayabusa capsule, they were thrilled to find these dust particles inside (source: JAXA).

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